With pressure-independent delta-p valves, flow through heating and cooling coils remains constant, despite the same unavoidable hydronic system pressure variations. Flow only changes when the heating or cooling load changes. Delta-p valves instantaneously compensate for any change in pressure internally, to maintain a constant differential pressure and flow across the controlled surface.

Delta-p valves have 100 to 1 rangeablilty so coil performance is optimized in both high and low flow conditions.

Because delta-p valves don't hunt, and because flow is steady in spite of pressure fluctuations, heat transfer is optimized, flow is reduced, and high delta-t is achieved.